Integrating Design for Manufacturing, Assembly, and Disassembly to Accelerate Circular Economy in Construction: A Conceptual Framework

Abstract

The construction industry continues to rely on linear “take–make–dispose” models that generate significant waste and resource inefficiency. This paper proposes a conceptual framework integrating Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) and Design for Disassembly (DFD) to accelerate the transition toward circular construction. Using a conceptual–illustrative approach, the study synthesises key insights from design theory and circular economy principles to explain how DFMA enhances production efficiency while DFD ensures material recoverability and reuse. The proposed framework connects design efficiency, material value retention, and policy readiness through enabling mechanisms such as modular standardisation and digital modelling. Findings indicate that integrating DFMA and DFD redefines efficiency from linear productivity to regenerative value creation, transforming buildings into dynamic material banks. The study concludes that design integration offers a strategic pathway for developing economies, such as Vietnam, to achieve industrialised, low-carbon, and circular construction systems.